Kungani Amavalvu Emboni Ehluleka nokuthi Alungiswa Kanjani

Buka Isithombe Esikhulu
Ama-valve ezimbonini awahlali unomphela.Nabo abafiki beshibhile.Ezimweni eziningi, ukulungiswa kuqala phakathi neminyaka engu-3-5 yokusetshenziswa.Kodwa-ke, ukuqonda nokwazi izimbangela ezivamile zokwehluleka kwe-valve kungandisa isevisi ye-valve.

Lesi sihloko sinikeza ulwazi mayelana nendlela yokulungisa ama-valve anephutha, izimbangela ezivamile zokuthi kungani ama-valve edinga ukulungiswa kanye nezimpawu zokuthi ama-valve asenephutha kakade.

Yini eyenza ama-valve ahlale isikhathi eside

Ukuphila kwe-valve kuncike ezintweni ezintathu: ikhwalithi yophawu, imvelo yangaphakathi nengaphandle kanye nemvamisa yokusebenza.

Uma uphawu lusebenza kahle, i-valve isebenza kahle futhi.Ukukhetha uphawu olulungile kuqinisekisa ukusebenza nokugcinwa okungcono.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izici ezinjengokucindezela, izinga lokushisa, kanye nohlobo lwemidiya kufanelekile ukucatshangelwa.Okokugcina, uma i-valve isebenza ngaso sonke isikhathi, isikhathi sokunakekela siseduze nezinyanga ezingu-3 ukuqinisekisa isimo esihle.

Indlela Yokwazi Ukuthi Yisikhathi Sokulungisa Amavavu

#1 Uma kukhona ukuvuza kwangaphakathi

Esinye sezizathu ezenza kube nokuvuza kwangaphakathi ukuthi i-valve ayikwazi ukuvala ngokuphelele.Ngokwezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe, uhlobo lwevalvu ngayinye inokuvuza okuvunyelwe kakhulu (MAL).Uphawu olutshelayo ukuthi ivalvu idinga ukulungiswa yilapho ukuvuza kungaphezu kwebanga elidingekayo le-MAL

#2 Uma kukhona ukuvuza kwangaphandle

Kunezinkinga ezimbalwa zokuthi kungani ukuvuza kwangaphandle kukhona.Ezimweni eziningi, kube nokugcinwa okungafanele.Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi izinto ze-valve kanye nabezindaba azihambisani.Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu lingabangela ukuvuza kwangaphandle.

#3 Uma ivalvu iba nomsindo

Isando samanzi igama elisetshenziswa ezimbonini ukuchaza umsindo owenziwe amavalvu.Lesi yinkomba yokuthi i-valve idinga ukunakekelwa.Idiski eshaya isihlalo sevalvu idala lo msindo.

#4 Uma ivalvu ingasasebenzi

Ngokusobala, lapho i-valve ingasasebenzi, sekuyisikhathi sokuyihlenga noma ukuyilungisa.Nakuba ama-valve amaningi engalungiswa, kukhona lawo acishe acishe angenzeki.

Izimbangela Ezivamile Zokwehluleka Kwevalvu Yezimboni

#1 Usayizi weValve Ongalungile

Ukubalwa kosayizi wevalvu okungalungile kungaholela kumavalvu amancane noma amakhulu kakhulu.Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba ukuhamba kwemidiya kuncike kusayizi we-valve.I-valve enkulu kakhulu inganciphisa ukucindezela kuyilapho i-valve encane ingabangela amabhodlela.

Isixazululo
Thola isibali sokulinganisa ama-valve aku-inthanethi.Kukhona amafomula ahlukene oketshezi kanye namagesi.Uma ukubala okwenziwa ngesandla kuyisicefe kakhulu, okuku-inthanethi kuzokwenza nje iqhinga.

Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula kakhulu ukufuna uhlobo olulungile lwe-valve.Njengephuzu lokubhekisela, bheka futhi inani le-Kv elitholakala encazelweni yomkhiqizo.Futhi, cabangela izinga lokugeleza elidingekayo kanye nebanga lokwehla kwengcindezi.

#2 Ukungahambisani Kwezinto

Uhlobo lwemidiya, impahla yokuhlala kanye nempahla yomzimba wevalvu kufanele kufane.Ukungahambisani kusho ukuthi i-valve ijwayele ukuguga futhi idabuke.

Isixazululo
Hlola incazelo yomkhiqizo wohlobo lwento esetshenziselwa isihlalo sevalvu nomzimba.Lokhu kufanele kulandele izindinganiso zemboni ukuthi iyiphi imidiya okufanele isetshenziswe.Futhi, hlola ukulimala kwevalvu uma usola ukuthi kube nokusetshenziswa okungalungile kwezinto.Ukushintsha i-valve kuyabiza.Faka esikhundleni izingxenye ezixhumene nabezindaba ube kokuthile okungamelana nakho.

#3 Ukulimala Kwe-elastomer

Ama-elastomer avame ukusetshenziswa njengezihlalo zamavalvu, ama-gaskets noma ama-O-rings asebenza njengophawu.Ngenxa yokuthi ziyanwebeka, ziyinketho yemvelo yokuvala izinhlelo zokusebenza.Lokhu futhi kuvimbela ukuthintana kwe-valve yensimbi nemidiya.Izibonelo zama-elastomer asetshenziswa ezimbonini zifaka i-nitrile, i-Aflas, ne-Teflon.

Ukulimala kokugqoka kwe-elastomer kubangelwa ukunyakaza kwemvelo koketshezi.Ngokuvamile, imbangela kungaba ukungahambisani kwe-elastomer nabezindaba.

Isixazululo
Cabangela ukuhambisana kwe-elastomer nabezindaba.Hlola incazelo yomkhiqizo ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zemidiya ongazisebenzisa nama-elastomer.Lapho uthenga, hlola incazelo valve.Uma i-elastomer ingahambisani, thola ezinye izingxenye zokuvala ezifanele i-elastomer.

Uma uphawu lwe-elastomer lunamazinyo, ukuqhekeka nokuthandwa sekuvele kubonakala, buyisela le ngxenye.Futhi, hlola ukuthi akhona yini amaphethini okugqoka alandela ukugeleza kwemidiya, kusho ukuthi lokhu kokugcina kubi kakhulu.

#4 I-Valve Stem Wear

Izingxenye ezincane ezifana nokupakishwa kwe-valve stem noma ama-bolts e-gland abangela ukuguga nokudabuka esiqwini.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunyakaza okuqhubekayo kwe-disc ye-valve, kanye nokuxhumana kwe-corrosive, nakho kunomthelela ekugugeni nasekudabukeni kwesiqu.

Ngokupakishwa kwe-stem, ukuntuleka kokunwebeka okunciphisa igebe lokuvala kubangela ukuguga.Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi endabeni yokuhlanganiswa kwezinto zokupakisha ezinelastic kanye nama-bolts we-gland.

Isixazululo
Kuma-valve amancane, isisombululo kuphela ukuwashintsha ngemuva kwakho konke, atholakala kalula.Kodwa-ke, kuma-valve amakhulu, ukushintshwa akubizi kakhulu.Isixazululo esingcono kakhulu sokuthuthukisa i-valve yamanje.

Ngaphambi kokuhlola isiqu, hlola ezinye izingxenye ezincane kuqala njengezigxobo zendlala, amabhawodi namabhokisi okugxusha.Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuhlola isiqu uma sidinga ukusetshenzwa kabusha noma ukushintshwa.

#5 Cavitation

I-Cavitation ivame ukwenzeka kuma-valve okulawula ane-liquid media.Izici ezimbili ezifaka isandla ku-cavitation yi-fluid velocity kanye nokwehla kwengcindezi.I-Cavitation yenzeka uma kukhona ushintsho emazingeni okucindezela kanye nesivinini soketshezi.

Amabhamuza akheka lapho umfutho we-liquid uphansi kunomfutho womhwamuko kuvalvu.Lawa mabhamuza ngandlela thize amisa ukuhamba kwemidiya.Lapho umfutho we-liquid ululama ezingeni elinciphile, amabhamuza ayawa, abangele ukulimala kuvalvu.Ungahlola inqubo kuvidiyo ye-cavitation.

Isixazululo
Qinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lusebenzisa i-valve efanele.Uma kuyisitayela esingalungile noma usayizi, kunethuba elikhulu le-cavitation.Sebenzisa ama-anti-cavitation valves emanzini kanye nezicelo ze-liquid.Uma usebenzisa ama-valve okulawula, uwabeke ezindaweni lapho i-valve ine-orientation ephansi maqondana namapayipi.

#6 Isando Samanzi

Isando samanzi isimo lapho kukhona ama-spikes okucindezela okungazelelwe ku-valve.Ingenye yamandla abhubhisa kakhulu angadala umonakalo emzimbeni we-valve.Izici ezintathu zidala isando samanzi: ukuthi i-valve ivala ngokushesha kangakanani, ukuthi uketshezi lushesha kangakanani lapho ivalvu ivala nokuthi igagasi lomfutho eduze kwepayipi lingakanani.Ungaphinda uhlole le vidiyo ukuze uthole esinye isingeniso sesando samanzi.

Ezinye izici eziphawulekayo ezibangela lesi simo ukuqina kwe-valve cavity yangaphakathi, amandla epayipi kanye nokucindezela kwabezindaba.

Isixazululo
Sebenzisa i-valve ye-throttling ukuze unciphise isando samanzi.Futhi, sebenzisa i-valve esebenza ngokushesha yokuvula/ukuvala njengevalve uvemvane.Okunensayo okubambayo nakho kufanelekile njengoba lokhu kunciphisa umfutho wesando samanzi.Esikhundleni sokuvula nokuvala ivalvu mathupha, sebenzisa i-hydraulic actuator ukuvumela ukuvuleka nokuvala ngokushesha.

#7 Ingcindezi Nezinga Lokushisa Elidlula Amapharamitha Adingekayo

Amavalvu anezimfuneko ezithile zokucindezela nezinga lokushisa.Ukudlula lokho i-valve engakwazi ukumelana nayo kungalimaza.

Isixazululo
Ngaphambi kokufaka, hlola izidingo zomkhiqizo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi akukho ngcindezi nokwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa okwenzeka.Ukugcinwa nokulungiswa okujwayelekile kubalulekile.Shintsha izingxenye ezilimele ngenxa yokwanda kwezinga lokushisa nokulimala komfutho.

#8 I-Actuator Engalungile

Ama-Actuator afika ngezindlela ezintathu: okwenziwa ngesandla, okunikwa amandla noma okuzenzakalelayo.Ama-Actuator alawula ukungena nokuphuma kwemidiya kanye nokugeleza kwemidiya, ingcindezi, nezinga lokushisa.Uma sekushiwo lokho, ukukhetha i-actuator engalungile kwenza impilo ye-valve ibe mfushane ngoba i-valve iguga kalula.

Ukusetshenziswa okungalungile kwe-voltage kungabangela ukushisa ngokweqile.Akukhona kuphela ukuthi ukushisa ngokweqile kungabangela umlilo, kodwa futhi kungalimaza ngokuphelele i-actuator.

Isixazululo
Okokufaka okunamandla okuvela ku-actuator kungalimaza isiqu se-valve kanye ne-disc lapho i-valve imi ukuze ivale noma ivuleke.Uma imidiya ihamba kancane, khetha ama-actuator afanele lokhu.Uma ugwema ukulahlekelwa yingcindezi, khetha i-actuator engavuleka noma ivale kalula.

Ukuze wazi ukuthi i-valve yonakele yini noma yi-actuator eyenza ngendlela exakile, vula ukukhipha okwenziwa ngesandla.Kubonakala sengathi i-valve ilungile, i-actuator ilimele.

Uma i-valve inganyakazi, inkinga yi-actuator.Ukwengeza, hlola isiqu se-valve noma yimuphi umonakalo.Isiqu se-valve esigugile sithinta indlela i-actuator ehamba ngayo.

Ukufaka izingxenye zayo ezibucayi kufanele kube kude ne-actuator lapho kunomfutho ophezulu noma amathuba okudlidliza okuphezulu.Lokhu okokuvikela izingxenye ezibucayi ekulimaleni.

I-NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Association) ibeke izilinganiso kumavalvu kagesi ukuze kuphephe.

#9 Ukufakwa Okungalungile

Amanye ama-valve kulula ukuwafaka kunamanye.Ngokudabukisayo, izimo eziningi zokuhluleka kwe-valve zivela ekufakweni kwe-valve okungalungile.Thatha isibonelo ukufakwa kwama-valve okuhlola ama-swing.Abanye abantu bebelokhu bewafaka umumo ongalungile.Kunezimpawu okufanele zilandelwe ukuze kufakwe kalula.

Isixazululo
Ama-valve amaningi afakwe endaweni eqondile ngaphandle uma kucacisiwe.Qinisekisa ukuthi umuntu ofaka i-valve unamakhono okwanele nokuqeqeshwa ukuze enze umsebenzi ngendlela efanele.

#10 Umehluko ongalungile wokusebenza nokusetha ingcindezi

Ingcindezi yokusebenza inani lengcindezi yangempela ekhona lapho kusebenza.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingcindezi ebekiwe iyingcindezi ejwayelekile umqhubi wepayipi ayibekela uhlelo lwamapayipi.Inkinga ivame ukuvela ingcindezi yokusebenza iseduze nengcindezi ebekiwe.

Isixazululo
Hlola ubuqotho be-valve.Bheka ikakhulukazi i-valve disc, isihlalo kanye nesiqu.Futhi, hlola ukuvuza.Shintsha izingxenye ezilimele uma kunesidingo.

Izinto ezifana nempahla ye-valve, imidiya, ukucinana kwezihlalo, phakathi kokunye, beka ubuncane be-10% umehluko phakathi kwezingcindezi zokusebenza kanye nesethi.Nokho, umehluko ofanele ungama-20%.

#11 Ukuhlehla Ukugeleza

Ukuhlehla ukugeleza kubhekisela esimweni lapho ukugeleza kwemidiya kushintsha kungazelelwe.Lokhu, kanye nesando samanzi, yizimbangela ezimbili ezivame kakhulu nezilimaza kakhulu zokulimala kwamavalvu.

Isixazululo
Ukuvimbela kuyisihluthulelo.Ukufaka i-valve yokuhlola ethule noma noma iyiphi i-valve evala ngokushesha ingathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-valve.

#12 Imfucumfucu

Izinhlayiya eziwugqinsi njengama-slurries zibangela imihuzuko esihlalweni.Lezi zingabhajwa kuma-valve, zenze i-valve ihlale ivuliwe noma ivaliwe.Ukwengeza, imfucumfucu, lapho iqina ku-valve, ingabangela ukuba izingxenye ze-valve ziphuke.

Isixazululo
Ukugcinwa njalo nokuhlanza ama-valve kubalulekile.Lokhu kususa imfucumfucu futhi kuvimbele udoti ukuba uqine futhi uqhubekise ukulimaza ama-valve

#13 Ukugcinwa Okungalungile Nokulungiswa

Ukulungisa nokugcinwa okungalungile akukona nje ukulimaza, kodwa futhi kubiza futhi kudla isikhathi.

Isixazululo
Qinisekisa ukuthi ukuma kwe-valve kulungile.Sebenzisa iziqondiso emzimbeni we-valve ezingasiza ekufakweni kahle kwe-valve.Qinisekisa ukuthi izikhombisi-ndlela ziyalandelwa mayelana nokuma kwevalvu.

Izindlela Ezinhle Kakhulu Zokugwema Ukwehluleka Kwevalvu

Njengezimo eziningi, ukuvimbela kungcono kunokwelapha.Ukugcinwa okuvamile kusebenza ngochwepheshe abanamakhono aphezulu.Izikhathi eziningi, izinkinga zama-valve zivela ngenxa yephutha lomuntu.Ukuze uxazulule le nkinga, sebenzisa izisebenzi ezinekhono futhi eziqeqeshwe kakhulu ukuze zifake futhi zigcine i-valve kanye nesistimu yamapayipi.

Ukuhlanza ama-valve nokuqinisekisa ukuthi awanayo imfucumfucu.Uma kunesidingo, faka izihlungi ukuze uhlukanise imfucumfucu ku-flow media.Hlanza amapayipi ukuze unciphise ukunqwabelana.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, gcoba i-valve.I-valve yakhiwe izingxenye ezincane ezihambayo.Ukugcoba lokhu kusho ukungqubuzana okuncane, okunciphisa ukuguga nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza.

Hlola ama-valve nezingxenye zawo ngezikhathi ezithile.Faka esikhundleni izingxenye ezibonise umonakalo.Lokhu kuzokwandisa impilo yesevisi ye-valve.Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi ama-valve afakwe kahle.

Ngokufigqiwe

Ukushintshwa kwamavalvu kubiza kakhulu.Yingakho ukuthola ama-valve aqinile anezitifiketi ezifanele zokuphepha kuyimfuneko.Ngaso sonke isikhathi hlola ama-valve uma kunesibonakaliso sokuqala sokulimala kwe-valve, lungisa lokho okudingeka kulungiswe futhi ubuyisele izingxenye ezilimele.